College of Modern Montessori | ![]() |
Key premises of Montessori education are:
How Did It Begin?
Dr Maria Montessori, the first woman to graduate from the University of Rome Medical School, became interested in education as a doctor treating retarded children. After retuming to the University for further study, she began her work with normal children in 1907, when she was invited to organise schools in a reconstructed slum area of San Lorenzo, Italy. Later, she travelled all over the world lecturing about her discoveries, and founding schools. She has written approximately fifteen volumes and numerous articles on education. She died in 1952.
Is It For All Children?
The Montessori system has been used successfully with children age 2 and a half years from all socio-economic levels, representing those in regular classes as well as the gifted, the retarded, the emotionally disturbed and the physically handicapped.
It is also appropriate for classes in which the student/teacher ratio is high, because the children learn at an early age to work independently.
Is The Child Free To Do What He Chooses In The Classroom?
The child is free to move about the classroom at will, to talk to other children, to work with any equipment he or she understands, or to ask the teacher to introduce new material to him or her. The child is not free to disturb other children at work or to abuse the equipment that is so important to the child's development.
What Does The Teacher Do?
The teacher is working with individual children, introducing materials and giving guidance where needed. A primary task is careful observation of each child in order to determine his or her needs and to gain the knowledge needed in preparing the environment to aid each child's growth.
The method of teaching is indirect, in that it neither imposes upon the child as in direct teaching, nor abandons the child as in a non-directive permissive approach. Rather, the teacher is constantly alert to the direction in which the child has indicated he or she wishes to go, and actively works to help the child acheive his or her goals.
What Does It Do For The Child?
Observers of Montessori children have described them as having developed self-discipline, self-knowledge, and independence, as well as enthusiasm for learning, an organised approach to problem solving, and academic skills.
What Happens When Children Go From A Montessori Class To A Traditional Class?
Most children appear to adjust readily to new classroom situations. In all likelihood this is because they have developed a high degree of self discipline and independence in the Montessori environment, and because of the adaptability of young children in general.
How Can Parents Help At Home?
To give the child the best opportunity for development, the Montessori principles and philosophy should be implemented in the home from birth. Parents need to read books as well as attend workshops, lectures and courses, if possible, on implementing the Montessori philosophy in the home. If the home and school environments complement each other, the child will receive the maximum benefit.
Traditional | Montessori |
| 1. Teacher sets curriculum | 1. Child chooses materials |
| 2. Teacher sets pace | 2. Child sets own pace |
| 3. Teacher guides child | 3. Child free to discover on own |
| 4. Emphasis is on the abstract | 4. Emphasis is on the concrete |
| 5. Much role-play and fantasy | 5. Reality orientated |
| 6. Random placement - not necessary to return to specific place | 6. Specific places for materials - sense of order |
| 7. Teacher provides stimuli to learning | 7. Child provides own stimuli to learning |
| 8. Teacher-centred environment | 8. Child-centred learning environment |
| 9. Use of reward and punishment in motivation | 9. Self-education through self-correcting materials |
| 10. All children are treated alike | 10. Recognition of sensitive periods |
| 11. Play materials for non-specific skills | 11. Multi-sensory materials to develop specific skills |
| 12. Rigid rules not to move furniture and to sit in designated places | 12. Liberty to move about self and furniture |
| 13. Silence is on many occasions enforced | 13. Liberty to speak (without disturbing others) as he pleases |
| 14. Teacher does all and child is forced to follow | 14. Teacher's part is to guide child to act and think for himself |
| 15. Children are punished even if fault lies at the teacher's incapabilities | 15. Disorderly conduct in class is regarded as teacher's fault, she seeks it out and corrects it |